1.2 Categories Of Computers

Supercomputers

A supercomputer is the fastest, most powerful,  most expensive computer and used for very complex, sophisticated job such as nuclear research, calculating weather patterns, petroleum exploration, online banking, automotive design.The physical size is full room of equipment.The fastest supercomputer are capable of processing billions of program instructions per second.Can operate at speeds measured in picoseconds-1,000 times as fast as microcomputers.It can store more than 20,000 times the data and information of an average desktop computer.

Mainframes 

A mainframe is a large, expensive, powerful computer that can handle hundreds or thousands of connected users simultaneously (multi-user) and storing tremendous amounts of data, instructions and information.
Mainframes are often used in businesses that manage large amounts of data, for example, insurance companies use mainframes to process information about millions of policyholders.Its physical size is partial to a full room equipment.It is a powerful computer that handle hundreds or thousands of connected users simultaneously at the same time.It can store tremendous amounts of data, instructions, and information;
enterprises are able to bill millions of customers, prepare payroll for thousands of employees, and manage thousands of item in inventory.

Personal Computers

Personal computer is a computer that can perform all its input, processing, output and storage activities by itself.Two types of personal computers are desktop computers, and notebook computers.It fits on a desk.Its speed is various depending on processor and memory.Its storage is various depending on hard drive size.

Mobile Computers And Devices 

 Mobile computer is a personal computer that can perform the four basic activities by itself and you can carry it from place to place.Mobile device is small enough to hold in your hand.It fits on the lap,palm and pocket.It may be slower than a personal computer.It contains a small storage media.

Embedded Computer

A special-purpose computer that functiona as a component in a larger product and perform various functions depending on the product.It is small.It may be slower than a mobile computer and devices.Its storage is limited or small storage media.

1.1 Applications Of Information Technology

Field Of Application Of Information Technology

1.Education
2.Finance
3.Government
4.Health Care
5.Science
6.Publishing
7.Travel
8.Manufacturing

  

1.0 Introduction To Information Technology

Definition Of Information Technology

Information Technology is defined as the use of computer software and hardware to retrieve,store and manipulate data.

Advantages Of Information Technology

Easier Communication:With the help of information technology, communication has also become cheaper, quicker, and more efficient. We can now communicate with anyone around the world through email, or using the social network services (Face book, Twitter, Instagram)]

 

Creation Of New Jobs:Creation of new and interesting jobs such as Computer programmers, Systems analyzers, Hardware and Software developers and Web designers are examples of new job opportunities created with the help of IT.

Globalization Of knowledge:Today you can use the internet to get the latest news from any country on the globe. Services like ‘’Twitter’’ and Wikipedia are well equipped with data on about anything.

 

Improves Data Storage And File Management:
Information and data are very important tools, so it is very essential to store them safely and also access them at any time of need. With services like “Dropbox”, we can store and backup data, and can access data any time any where.

Disadvantages Of Information Technology

Social Implications:With the increased addiction to social networks and internet games, people are spending more time on computers and give up on their normal life.

Over Dependence On Information Technology Makes Students Less Active And Innovative:Students no longer take time to solve problems and tasks, all they do is query that task in a search engine and a solution will be provided.

Unemployment:Information Technology has replaced most positions which humans used to take up. Accounting is now being done by software, so accountants run out of opportunities.

Internet Security Issues:For customers to perform online transactions, they have to provide their personal details. Experienced hackers can use this lop hole to channel this information and use it for their own needs.